constitution
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constitution
The physical and mental condition of a person; the totality of the body's innate and acquired characteristics.
Trotz seines hohen Alters hat er eine robuste Konstitution und ist selten krank.
Despite his advanced age, he has a robust constitution and is rarely ill.
The word 'Konstitution' (constitution) is rather formal in all of its meanings or belongs to technical language. In normal everyday language, it is used less often.
Der Arzt attestierte dem Patienten eine ausgezeichnete Konstitution.
The doctor certified that the patient had an excellent constitution.
The meaning becomes clear from the context. If it is about a person and their health, it refers to their physical condition. In connection with a state, it refers to the constitution. In the natural sciences, it means the structure of a substance.
Er hat eine schwache Konstitution und ist oft erkältet.
He has a weak constitution and often catches colds.
When it is about physical condition, 'Konstitution' (constitution) is often combined with the verb 'haben' (to have) and an adjective. Typical phrases are 'eine gute Konstitution haben' (to have a good constitution) or 'eine robuste Konstitution haben' (to have a robust constitution).
Meine Großmutter ist 90 Jahre alt und hat immer noch eine gute Konstitution.
My grandmother is 90 years old and still has a good constitution.
condition / state
'der Zustand' and 'die Konstitution' can both describe a person's condition. 'der Zustand' is more general and can change quickly: someone is sick, tired, nervous, or in good shape. It can also refer to things, for example the condition of a car. 'die Konstitution' refers more to a person's basic physical and mental constitution. It sounds somewhat more technical and describes more generally how resilient or healthy someone is overall. For the momentary state, people usually say 'Zustand'; for a general physical disposition, 'Konstitution' is more likely.
Trotz ihres hohen Alters hat Frau Becker eine gute Konstitution.
Despite her advanced age, Mrs. Becker has a good constitution.
Nach dem Sturz war der Zustand des Patienten zuerst unklar.
After the fall, the patient's condition was unclear at first.