assembly / montage
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assembly
The process of putting individual parts together to form a larger whole, for example a machine, a piece of furniture, or a vehicle.
Die Montage des neuen Schranks dauerte mehrere Stunden.
The assembly of the new cabinet took several hours.
The word 'Montage' comes from the French verb 'monter', which means 'to build up' or 'to put together'. The ending '-age' often denotes a process or a result, so here it refers to the process of assembly.
Die Montage der Einzelteile erfolgt direkt im Werk.
The assembly of the individual parts takes place directly in the factory.
The noun 'die Montage' (assembly) is directly related to the verb 'montieren' (to assemble/install). When someone puts something together, they 'montiert' it, and this activity is called 'die Montage'.
Ein Techniker kommt morgen, um die neue Waschmaschine zu montieren.
A technician is coming tomorrow to install the new washing machine.
In the technical sense, 'Montage' (assembly) is often combined with the objects being assembled, for example 'die Montage von Möbeln' (the assembly of furniture) or 'die Montage einer Maschine' (the assembly of a machine). Common verbs are 'die Montage durchführen' (to carry out the assembly) or 'die Montage übernehmen' (to take over the assembly).
Die Montage des Kleiderschranks war komplizierter als gedacht.
The assembly of the wardrobe was more complicated than expected.
When 'Montage' (montage) is used in the context of film, photography, or art, it refers to the artistic technique. Signal words for this are 'Film' (film), 'Szenen' (scenes), 'Bilder' (images), or 'Töne' (sounds).
Der Regisseur nutzte eine schnelle Montage, um den Zeitverlauf zu zeigen.
The director used a quick montage to show the passage of time.
structure / assembly
'der Aufbau' and 'die Montage' can both refer to the process in which something is created from parts. 'der Aufbau' is more general: you can set up a shelf, a tent, or even an entire facility. 'die Montage' fits especially well when individual parts are assembled technically or exactly according to a plan. With furniture or machines, you may hear both words. However, 'Montage' often sounds more technical and emphasizes putting the parts together, while 'Aufbau' can also mean setting something up or erecting it.
Die Montage der neuen Küchenlampe übernimmt morgen ein Elektriker.
An electrician will handle the installation of the new kitchen light tomorrow.
Der Aufbau des Zeltes dauert am Wochenende mit den Kindern etwas länger.
Setting up the tent takes a bit longer with the children on the weekend.