quality
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quality
The totality of the characteristics and features of a thing, service, or person that determine its goodness and value.
Die Qualität des Essens in diesem Restaurant ist sehr gut.
The quality of the food in this restaurant is very good.
The ending '-tät' is typical of many abstract nouns in German that come from Latin. When you see this ending, it is usually a feminine noun ('die Qualität' (quality), 'die Universität' (university), 'die Realität' (reality)).
Die Universität ist bekannt für ihre hohe Qualität in der Forschung.
The university is known for its high quality in research.
If 'Qualität' (quality) refers to a thing, it is often described with adjectives like 'hoch' (high), 'gut' (good), or 'schlecht' (poor/bad). If it refers to a person, it is about character traits, and the word is often used in the plural ('Qualitäten' (qualities)).
Dieses Werkzeug ist von schlechter Qualität und schnell kaputtgegangen.
This tool is of poor quality and broke quickly.
When referring to the goodness of a thing, 'Qualität' (quality) is often used with the preposition 'von' (of/from). Fixed expressions also include 'auf Qualität achten' (to pay attention to quality) and 'Qualität garantieren' (to guarantee quality).
Die Qualität von diesem Stoff fühlt sich sehr gut an.
The quality of this fabric feels very good.
When 'Qualität' (quality) describes a trait of a person, it is often combined with another noun to form a compound. Very common examples are 'Führungsqualitäten' (leadership qualities) or 'menschliche Qualitäten' (human qualities).
Die neue Chefin hat beeindruckende Führungsqualitäten.
The new boss has impressive leadership qualities.
choice / election
'die Wahl' and 'die Qualität' overlap only in certain expressions like 'erste Wahl' (first choice / best quality) or 'zweite Wahl' (second choice / goods with minor defects). In those cases, 'Wahl' describes a quality grade: 'erste Wahl' means very good goods, while 'zweite Wahl' means goods with small flaws. 'die Qualität' is more general and describes how good or bad something is. The words can be confused when talking about good or bad products. Normally, however, you say 'Qualität' when speaking directly about how good something is. 'Wahl' fits here mainly in fixed expressions.
Die Qualität des neuen Sofas ist besser, als ich erwartet habe.
The quality of the new sofa is better than I expected.
Diese Handtücher sind zweite Wahl, deshalb kosten sie weniger.
These towels are second-choice goods, so they cost less.