even
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even
Used to emphasize something unexpected or surprising that goes beyond what has already been said. It strengthens a statement and highlights an extreme case.
Er hat nicht nur seinen Schlüssel vergessen, er hat sogar die Tür offen gelassen.
He not only forgot his key, he even left the door open.
'Sogar' (even) usually stands directly before the word or part of the sentence that it is meant to emphasize as surprising or unexpected. It works like a spotlight shining on the biggest surprise.
Alle haben mitgeholfen, sogar die Kinder.
Everyone helped out, even the children.
A very common structure is 'nicht nur ..., sondern sogar ...' (not only ..., but even ...). Here, 'sogar' (even) strengthens the second part and shows that it is even more impressive or unexpected than the first.
Sie spricht nicht nur fließend Englisch, sondern sogar auch Japanisch.
She not only speaks fluent English, but even Japanese as well.
Use 'sogar' (even) to mark the climax or most extreme point in a list. It signals to the listener: 'What comes now is the most remarkable thing.'
Das Buch war so fesselnd, ich habe sogar vergessen zu essen.
The book was so gripping that I even forgot to eat.
also / even
'auch' and 'sogar' can both name something additional. The important difference is strength. 'auch' usually just means that something also applies or is being added. 'sogar' emphasizes that something is surprising or special. Learners can easily confuse the words because 'auch' can sometimes also carry strong emphasis. If you only mean a normal addition, 'auch' fits. If you want to show that something is more than expected, 'sogar' sounds more precise.
Zum Abendessen kommt sogar mein Onkel, obwohl er sonst nie Zeit hat.
Even my uncle is coming to dinner, although he usually never has time.
Meine Schwester kommt heute auch zum Abendessen.
My sister is also coming to dinner today.