verderben
to spoil
For food: to go bad and therefore become inedible.
EXAMPLE
Die Milch ist in der Hitze schnell verdorben.
The milk spoiled quickly in the heat.
verderben
to spoil / ruin
verderben – verdarb – hat verdorben
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Meanings
verderben
to ruin
To destroy or seriously damage something good, such as a mood, joy, or opportunity.
EXAMPLE
Sein schlechter Witz hat die gute Stimmung verdorben.
His bad joke ruined the good mood.
es sich mit jemandem verderben
to fall out with someone
To destroy a good relationship with another person through one's own behavior.
EXAMPLE
Wegen einer Kleinigkeit will ich es mir nicht mit meinen Nachbarn verderben.
I don't want to fall out with my neighbors over a small thing.
sich den Magen verderben
to upset one's stomach
To get stomach problems from eating bad or unsuitable food.
EXAMPLE
Ich glaube, ich habe mir mit den alten Meeresfrüchten den Magen verdorben.
I think I upset my stomach with the old seafood.
verderben
to corrupt
To lead someone morally down a bad path; to have a negative influence on a person's character.
EXAMPLE
Manche Eltern fürchten, dass schlechter Umgang ihre Kinder verdirbt.
Some parents fear that bad company will corrupt their children.
Viele Köche verderben den Brei
too many cooks spoil the broth
A proverb that says that a result becomes worse when too many people work on it or interfere.
EXAMPLE
Am Ende wusste keiner mehr, was zu tun war – viele Köche verderben eben den Brei.
In the end, nobody knew what to do anymore—too many cooks spoil the broth.
Forms
Forms adapted from the German Wiktionary entry verderben, by Wiktionary contributors, licence CC BY-SA 4.0.
Present
| ich | verderbe |
|---|---|
| du | verdirbst |
| er/sie/es | verdirbt |
| wir | verderben |
| ihr | verderbt |
| sie | verderben |
Simple past
| ich | verdarb |
|---|---|
| du | verdarbst |
| er/sie/es | verdarb |
| wir | verdarben |
| ihr | verdarbt |
| sie | verdarben |
Perfect
with haben
| ich | habe verdorben bin verdorben |
|---|---|
| du | hast verdorben bist verdorben |
| er/sie/es | hat verdorben ist verdorben |
| wir | haben verdorben sind verdorben |
| ihr | habt verdorben seid verdorben |
| sie | haben verdorben sind verdorben |
Commands
| du | verdirb! |
|---|---|
| ihr | verderbt! |
| Sie | verderben Sie! |
Past perfect
| ich | hatte verdorben war verdorben |
|---|---|
| du | hattest verdorben warst verdorben |
| er/sie/es | hatte verdorben war verdorben |
| wir | hatten verdorben waren verdorben |
| ihr | hattet verdorben wart verdorben |
| sie | hatten verdorben waren verdorben |
Future
| ich | werde verderben |
|---|---|
| du | wirst verderben |
| er/sie/es | wird verderben |
| wir | werden verderben |
| ihr | werdet verderben |
| sie | werden verderben |
Subjunctive I
| ich | verderbe |
|---|---|
| du | verderbest |
| er/sie/es | verderbe |
| wir | verderben |
| ihr | verderbet |
| sie | verderben |
Used for reported speech.
Subjunctive II
| ich | verdürbe |
|---|---|
| du | verdürbest verdürbst |
| er/sie/es | verdürbe |
| wir | verdürben |
| ihr | verdürbet verdürbt |
| sie | verdürben |
Used for wishes and “would”.
Other forms
| infinitive | verderben |
|---|---|
| with zu | zu verderben |
| present participle | verderbend |
| past participle | verdorben |
Usage tips
Inseparable verb
'Verderben' (to spoil/ruin) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'ver-' always stays attached to the verb stem and often indicates that something becomes bad, fails, or is destroyed.
EXAMPLE
Zu viel Salz verdirbt die Suppe.
Too much salt spoils the soup.
Context clue
The meaning of 'verderben' depends strongly on the object. With food, it means 'to go bad'. With abstract nouns like 'Stimmung' (mood), 'Freude' (joy), or 'Appetit' (appetite), it means 'to ruin' or 'to destroy'.
EXAMPLE
Das Fleisch ist verdorben, wir müssen es wegwerfen.
The meat has spoiled; we have to throw it away.
Adjective 'verdorben'
The past participle 'verdorben' is very often used like an adjective to describe the condition of food. It then means 'bad' or 'inedible'.
EXAMPLE
Der Joghurt riecht komisch, ich glaube, er ist verdorben.
The yogurt smells strange; I think it has spoiled.
Dative construction
When you ruin something for someone, the person is in the dative. The structure is: 'jemandem (Dativ) etwas (Akkusativ) verderben' (to ruin something for someone).
EXAMPLE
Mit deiner schlechten Laune verdirbst du uns allen den Abend.
With your bad mood, you're ruining the evening for all of us.
Fixed expression
The idiom 'es sich mit jemandem verderben' (to fall out with someone) is a fixed structure. 'Es' and 'sich' are fixed components. The person with whom the relationship worsens is connected with 'mit + Dativ'.
EXAMPLE
Ich möchte es mir mit meinen Kollegen nicht verderben, also halte ich mich aus dem Streit heraus.
I don't want to fall out with my colleagues, so I'm staying out of the argument.
Fixed expression
The expression 'sich den Magen verderben' (to upset one's stomach) is a fixed unit. The person this happens to is in the dative, which is expressed by the reflexive pronoun, e.g. 'ich verderbe mir den Magen' (I upset my stomach).
EXAMPLE
Iss die Mayonnaise nicht, sonst verdirbst du dir noch den Magen!
Don't eat the mayonnaise, or you'll upset your stomach!
Proverb
The sentence 'Viele Köche verderben den Brei' (Too many cooks spoil the broth) is a well-known German proverb. It is used to comment on a situation in which too many people are working on a task and the result becomes worse because of it.
EXAMPLE
Alle wollten bei der Projektplanung mitreden, aber das Ergebnis war chaotisch. Viele Köche verderben eben den Brei.
Everyone wanted to have a say in the project planning, but the result was chaotic. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Compare with
verderben vs versauen
to mess up / soil
Both words can indicate that someone seriously harms a good mood, someone’s enjoyment, or an opportunity. „Verderben“ is the general form and is also suitable in neutral texts. „Versauen“ means the same here, but sounds clearly more colloquial and vulgar.
verderben
Der Streit verdarb uns den schönen Abend.
The argument spoiled our lovely evening.
versauen
Der Streit versaut uns den schönen Abend.
The argument messed up our lovely evening.
In real life
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