reduction
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reduction
The process or result of something becoming smaller or less in number, amount, size, or intensity; a reduction or decrease.
Die Firma plant eine Verringerung der Produktionskosten um zehn Prozent.
The company is planning a reduction in production costs by ten percent.
'Die Verringerung' (the reduction) is derived from the verb 'verringern' (to reduce). This verb in turn is based on the adjective 'gering' (small, little, slight). So a 'Verringerung' makes something smaller or less.
Wir müssen die Ausgaben verringern, um zu sparen.
We need to reduce expenses in order to save money.
The noun 'Verringerung' (reduction) is very often used with a genitive object to specify what is being reduced. This construction is typical of formal and written language.
Die Verringerung des Lärms ist unser oberstes Ziel.
The reduction of noise is our top priority.
'Verringerung' (reduction) is a formal word found mainly in the news, reports, technical texts, and administrative language. In everyday language, you would often simply say that something is 'weniger wird' (becoming less).
Der Bericht empfiehlt eine Verringerung der Emissionen.
The report recommends a reduction in emissions.
expansion / extension
'die Erweiterung' and 'die Verringerung' describe opposite directions. With an 'Erweiterung' (expansion / extension), something becomes larger, wider, or more extensive. With a 'Verringerung' (reduction), something becomes smaller, less, or weaker. Both words can be used for amounts, sizes, or the scope of something. In short: Erweiterung means more; Verringerung means less.
Eine Verringerung der Lautstärke hilft den Kindern beim Lernen.
Reducing the volume helps the children learn.
Die Erweiterung des Teams soll die Arbeit schneller machen.
The expansion of the team is intended to make the work faster.