01
zerstören
to destroy
To damage something through violence or force so severely that it no longer exists or becomes unusable.
example
Die Flut hat viele Häuser in der Region zerstört.
The flood destroyed many houses in the region.
zerstören
to destroy
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Meanings
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Usage tips
Inseparable prefix 'zer-'
'Zerstören' (to destroy) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'zer-' almost always indicates destruction, separation, or falling apart. When you see this prefix, you can often assume a negative or destructive meaning.
EXAMPLE
Ein Erdbeben hat die alte Brücke komplett zerstört.
An earthquake completely destroyed the old bridge.
Context clue
How do you recognize the meaning? Pay attention to the object of the verb. If it is a physical object (e.g., a house, a city), it is about material destruction. If it is an abstract concept (e.g., trust, a friendship), the immaterial meaning is intended.
EXAMPLE
Der Sturm zerstörte das Dach unseres Hauses.
The storm destroyed the roof of our house.
Typical collocations
In the context of physical destruction, 'zerstören' (to destroy) is often used with buildings, cities, nature, or objects. Typical combinations are: 'ein Nest zerstören' (to destroy a nest), 'die Umwelt zerstören' (to destroy the environment), or 'Beweise zerstören' (to destroy evidence).
EXAMPLE
Der Waldbrand hat riesige Teile des Waldes zerstört.
The forest fire destroyed huge parts of the forest.
Typical collocations
When it comes to immaterial things, 'zerstören' (to destroy) is often combined with feelings, relationships, or plans. Typical phrases are: 'eine Freundschaft zerstören' (to destroy a friendship), 'Hoffnungen zerstören' (to destroy hopes), or 'einen Ruf zerstören' (to destroy a reputation).
EXAMPLE
Die falsche Anschuldigung hat seine Karriere zerstört.
The false accusation destroyed his career.
Compare with
zerstören vs erhalten
to receive / preserve / support
'erhalten' and 'zerstören' are clear opposites here. When you preserve something, you make sure that it remains and does not fall into decay. When you destroy something, it is damaged so severely that it is no longer usable or no longer exists. So the difference is: 'erhalten' preserves; 'zerstören' breaks or destroys something.
zerstören
Der Sturm zerstört mehrere kleine Häuser am Fluss.
The storm destroys several small houses by the river.
erhalten
Viele freiwillige Helfer erhalten den alten Garten hinter dem Museum.
Many volunteers maintain the old garden behind the museum.
In real life
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