zünden
to ignite
To cause something to explode or start burning, for example an explosive device, an engine, or a rocket.
EXAMPLE
Der Motor zündete erst nach mehreren Versuchen.
The engine only ignited after several attempts.
zünden
to ignite / to catch on
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Meanings
zünden
to catch on
In a figurative sense, to be successful or have a strong effect. Often used for ideas, jokes, or plans.
EXAMPLE
Sein Witz hat bei dem Publikum nicht wirklich gezündet.
His joke didn't really catch on with the audience.
Usage tips
Context clue
You can tell whether the literal or figurative meaning is intended from the subject. Technical things like an engine or a bomb zünden (ignite) literally. Abstract things like a joke, an idea, or a plan zünden (catch on) in the figurative sense.
EXAMPLE
Die Zündkerze im Auto muss ausgetauscht werden, sie zündet nicht mehr richtig.
The spark plug in the car needs to be replaced; it doesn't ignite properly anymore.
Word family
The verb 'zünden' (to ignite) is the basis for the noun 'die Zündung' (the ignition). 'Die Zündung' refers to the technical process or system that makes something burn or start.
EXAMPLE
Bei meinem alten Auto macht die Zündung manchmal Probleme.
In my old car, the ignition sometimes causes problems.
Common usage
In the figurative meaning, 'zünden' (to catch on) is very often used in the negative to express that something does not work or has no effect.
EXAMPLE
Sein Vorschlag hat in der Diskussion leider überhaupt nicht gezündet.
Unfortunately, his suggestion didn't catch on at all in the discussion.
Compare with
zünden vs wirken
to seem / take effect
Wirken neutrally states that something has an effect. For a joke, idea, or plan, zünden describes sudden, clearly noticeable success. Use wirken for a general effect; when there is an immediate breakthrough, zünden is more appropriate.
zünden
Der neue Werbespruch zündet sofort bei den jungen Kunden.
The new advertising slogan catches on with young customers immediately.
wirken
Der neue Werbespruch wirkt besonders gut auf junge Kunden.
The new advertising slogan works particularly well with young customers.
In real life
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