advance payment / discount / kickoff
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advance payment
A partial payment made in advance toward a larger sum, especially for regular costs such as electricity, gas, or rent.
Der monatliche Abschlag für die Heizkosten wurde dieses Jahr erhöht.
The monthly advance payment for heating costs was increased this year.
kickoff / tee shot
In sports, the first shot or kick with which a game or round of play is started (e.g., in golf), or a long kick by a goalkeeper (in soccer).
Der Torwart führte den Abschlag schnell aus, um einen Konter einzuleiten.
The goalkeeper took the kickoff quickly to start a counterattack.
discount
A percentage or fixed reduction from a price; a discount.
Für kleine Kratzer im Lack erhielten wir einen Abschlag von 200 Euro auf den Kaufpreis.
Because of small scratches in the paint, we received a discount of 200 euros on the purchase price.
removal
The removal or knocking off of material, for example old plaster from a wall in construction.
Der Abschlag des alten Putzes war eine sehr staubige Arbeit.
The removal of the old plaster was a very dusty job.
'Abschlag' is derived from the verb 'abschlagen' (to knock off / refuse). This idea of 'knocking away' or 'removing' appears in all its meanings: you 'knock off' a partial amount from the total sum, a ball away from the starting point, or plaster from the wall.
Für den kleinen Kratzer haben wir einen Abschlag vom Preis bekommen.
We got a discount off the price for the small scratch.
You can easily recognize the meaning of 'Abschlag' from the context. If it is about money, bills, or contracts, it usually means an advance payment or a discount. In a text about sports or construction work, it refers to a physical action.
Wir müssen den monatlichen Abschlag für den Strom bezahlen.
We have to pay the monthly advance payment for electricity.
In a financial context, 'Abschlag' (advance payment) is often combined with verbs like 'zahlen' (to pay), 'leisten' (to make), or 'anpassen' (to adjust). Most often it is a 'monatlicher Abschlag' (monthly advance payment) for recurring costs.
Unser Abschlag für Gas wurde kürzlich angepasst.
Our advance payment for gas was recently adjusted.
When 'Abschlag' means a discount, it is often used with the verbs 'gewähren' (to grant; the seller gives it) or 'bekommen' (to get; the buyer receives it). The amount is often given as a fixed sum or percentage.
Der Händler gewährte uns einen Abschlag von 10 Prozent.
The dealer granted us a discount of 10 percent.
installment / rate
A rate is a regular installment used to gradually pay off a fixed total debt. An “Abschlag” is usually an advance payment toward ongoing costs whose exact total is determined later. Therefore, “Rate” is more appropriate for a loan, while “Abschlag” is more appropriate for electricity or gas costs.
Für den Strom zahlt sie jeden Monat einen Abschlag.
She pays an advance payment for the electricity every month.
Für den neuen Kühlschrank zahlt sie jeden Monat eine feste Rate.
She pays a fixed installment every month for the new refrigerator.
