faction
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parliamentary group
A group of representatives in a parliament who belong to the same party or pursue common political goals.
Die Fraktion hat sich auf einen gemeinsamen Kandidaten geeinigt.
The parliamentary group agreed on a joint candidate.
Careful: 'Die Fraktion' does not mean 'fraction' in the mathematical sense (e.g. 1/2). It mainly refers to a political group.
Die größte Fraktion im Parlament stellt den Kanzler.
The largest parliamentary group in parliament provides the chancellor.
The word comes from the Latin 'fractio' (breaking). This idea of a 'fragment' or subgroup appears in all meanings: a subgroup in parliament, in an association, or a separated part of a chemical substance.
Innerhalb der Partei gibt es verschiedene Fraktionen.
There are various factions within the party.
The most common meaning of 'Fraktion' is a group of representatives from the same party in a parliament. The term is central to understanding political news.
Die Abgeordneten treffen sich wöchentlich zur Fraktionssitzung.
The representatives meet weekly for the parliamentary group meeting.
In political contexts, you often hear 'eine Fraktion bilden' (to form a parliamentary group), 'einer Fraktion angehören' (to belong to a parliamentary group), or 'der Fraktionsvorsitzende' (the parliamentary group leader).
Nach der Wahl müssen die Parteien neue Fraktionen bilden.
After the election, the parties have to form new parliamentary groups.
In the meaning 'component of a mixture of substances', 'Fraktion' (fraction) is a technical term from chemistry and physics. You only find it in scientific or technical texts.
Durch Filtration lässt sich das Gemisch in seine einzelnen Fraktionen trennen.
Through filtration, the mixture can be separated into its individual fractions.
party / party to
'die Partei' and 'die Fraktion' both belong to politics and can refer to groups with shared goals. A 'Partei' is the larger political organization that also exists outside parliament and takes part in elections. A 'Fraktion' is a group of representatives in parliament or a smaller group within a larger organization. Learners may confuse the words because a parliamentary group often consists of members of the same party. In practical terms: you vote for a 'Partei', but in parliament a 'Fraktion' does the work.
Nach der Sitzung erklärt die Fraktion ihre Entscheidung der Presse.
After the meeting, the parliamentary group explains its decision to the press.
Die Partei möchte bei der nächsten Wahl mehr Stimmen bekommen.
The party wants to get more votes in the next election.