however / of course
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however
An adverb that expresses a limitation or contrast; similar to 'allerdings' (however) or 'jedoch' (however).
Das Konzert war gut, freilich hätte es etwas lauter sein können.
The concert was good; however, it could have been a bit louder.
The two meanings can be easily distinguished by sentence structure. If 'freilich' stands alone as an answer to a question, it means 'yes, of course'. If it is integrated into a sentence, it usually means 'however'.
„Kommst du später mit ins Kino?“ – „Freilich!“
"Are you coming to the cinema with us later?" — "Of course!"
When 'freilich' (however) stands at the beginning of a sentence to express a limitation, it occupies the first position. The conjugated verb then moves directly into the second position.
Freilich ist das Auto schön, aber es verbraucht zu viel Benzin.
Of course, the car is beautiful, but it uses too much gas.
The affirmative answer 'Freilich!' (of course!) is often perceived as somewhat old-fashioned today. In southern Germany and Austria, however, this use is still common in everyday speech.
„Darf ich mir ein Stück Kuchen nehmen?“ – „Freilich, bedien dich!“
"May I take a piece of cake?" — "Of course, help yourself!"
but
'aber' and 'freilich' can both introduce a contrast or limitation. 'aber' is the normal everyday word and fits in almost all situations. 'freilich' sounds more elevated, regional, or somewhat old-fashioned, and is used much less often. Learners may confuse the words because both can work like 'jedoch' (however). If you want to speak normally and naturally, 'aber' is usually the safe choice. 'freilich' fits better in written or deliberately formal language.
Die Wanderung ist schön, freilich braucht man bei diesem Wetter gute Schuhe.
The hike is beautiful; however, you need good shoes in this weather.
Die Kundin ist freundlich, aber sie hat viele Fragen.
The customer is friendly, but she has a lot of questions.