house arrest
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grounding
A punishment, usually for children or teenagers, in which they are not allowed to leave the house or apartment for a certain period of time.
Weil er seine Hausaufgaben nicht gemacht hat, hat er für das ganze Wochenende Hausarrest.
Because he didn't do his homework, he is grounded for the whole weekend.
house arrest
A punishment or measure ordered by a court or authority in which a person is not allowed to leave their own home. This is an alternative to imprisonment.
Der angeklagte Manager wurde bis zum Prozessbeginn unter Hausarrest gestellt.
The accused manager was placed under house arrest until the start of the trial.
'Hausarrest' (house arrest) is a compound noun made up of 'Haus' (house) and 'Arrest' (arrest/detention). Here, 'Arrest' means 'Festhalten' (holding/detaining) or 'Einsperren' (locking up). So literally it is an 'Arrest im Haus' (arrest in the house).
Der Begriff bedeutet wörtlich, dass man als Strafe im Haus bleiben muss.
The term literally means that you have to stay in the house as a punishment.
You can say 'Hausarrest haben' (to be grounded / to be under house arrest) or 'Hausarrest bekommen' (to get grounded / to get house arrest). If it is an official court order, the phrases 'unter Hausarrest stehen' (to be under house arrest) or 'jemanden unter Hausarrest stellen' (to place someone under house arrest) are more common.
Wenn du dein Zimmer nicht aufräumst, bekommst du eine Woche Hausarrest!
If you don't clean up your room, you'll be grounded for a week!
You can tell from the context whether the punishment comes from parents or from a court. In a family setting, it is the parents who 'geben' (give) Hausarrest. In a legal context, it is authorities who 'unter Hausarrest stellen' (place someone under house arrest).
Meine Eltern haben mir Hausarrest gegeben, weil ich zu spät nach Hause kam.
My parents grounded me because I came home too late.
curfew
Both words refer to an imposed restriction on leaving a house or apartment. „Hausarrest“ applies to an individual person, while „Ausgangssperre“ usually applies to a population or group at certain times. When it concerns one person, „Hausarrest“ is appropriate; when the rule applies generally, „Ausgangssperre“ is appropriate.
Wegen der Maßnahme durfte der Jugendliche eine Woche lang seine Wohnung nicht verlassen.
Because of the measure, the teenager was not allowed to leave his apartment for a week.
Wegen der behördlichen Ausgangssperre durfte die Bevölkerung nachts ihre Wohnungen nicht verlassen.
Because of the official curfew, people were not allowed to leave their homes at night.
