house arrest
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grounding
A punishment, usually for children or teenagers, in which they are not allowed to leave the house or apartment for a certain period of time.
Weil er seine Hausaufgaben nicht gemacht hat, hat er für das ganze Wochenende Hausarrest.
Because he didn't do his homework, he is grounded for the whole weekend.
'Hausarrest' (house arrest) is a compound noun made up of 'Haus' (house) and 'Arrest' (arrest/detention). Here, 'Arrest' means 'Festhalten' (holding/detaining) or 'Einsperren' (locking up). So literally it is an 'Arrest im Haus' (arrest in the house).
Der Begriff bedeutet wörtlich, dass man als Strafe im Haus bleiben muss.
The term literally means that you have to stay in the house as a punishment.
You can say 'Hausarrest haben' (to be grounded / to be under house arrest) or 'Hausarrest bekommen' (to get grounded / to get house arrest). If it is an official court order, the phrases 'unter Hausarrest stehen' (to be under house arrest) or 'jemanden unter Hausarrest stellen' (to place someone under house arrest) are more common.
Wenn du dein Zimmer nicht aufräumst, bekommst du eine Woche Hausarrest!
If you don't clean up your room, you'll be grounded for a week!
You can tell from the context whether the punishment comes from parents or from a court. In a family setting, it is the parents who 'geben' (give) Hausarrest. In a legal context, it is authorities who 'unter Hausarrest stellen' (place someone under house arrest).
Meine Eltern haben mir Hausarrest gegeben, weil ich zu spät nach Hause kam.
My parents grounded me because I came home too late.
custody / imprisonment
'Haft' and 'Hausarrest' both have to do with a restriction of freedom. With 'Haft', a person is held by the police or justice system, often in prison or before a verdict. 'Hausarrest' means that someone is not allowed to leave their own apartment or house. This can be a punishment for children or a legal measure for adults. The words can be confused because both mean that someone cannot go freely. The place is the most important difference: 'Haft' is associated with prison or being held by the state, while 'Hausarrest' is associated with one's own home.
Wegen der vielen Regelbrüche bekam der Jugendliche eine Woche Hausarrest.
Because he had broken the rules so many times, the teenager was grounded for a week.
Nach der Festnahme blieb der Mann bis zum Prozess in Haft.
After his arrest, the man remained in custody until the trial.