locket / medallion
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locket
A small, often hinged piece of jewelry worn on a chain around the neck, in which a photo, a lock of hair, or another small keepsake can be kept.
Sie öffnete das goldene Medaillon, um das winzige Bild ihrer Kinder zu zeigen.
She opened the golden locket to show the tiny picture of her children.
The word has three very different meanings. The context makes clear what is meant: jewelry (words like 'Kette' (chain), 'tragen' (to wear)), food (words like 'Fleisch' (meat), 'Soße' (sauce)), or architecture (words like 'Fassade' (facade), 'Gebäude' (building)).
Sie trug ein wunderschönes Medaillon um den Hals.
She wore a beautiful locket around her neck.
As a piece of jewelry, a 'Medaillon' (locket) is 'an einer Kette getragen' (worn on a chain). It is often 'aufklappbar' (hinged), so that a 'Foto' (photo) can be kept inside it.
In dem alten Medaillon war ein kleines Foto ihrer Großmutter.
There was a small photo of her grandmother in the old locket.
In gastronomy, the plural form 'Medaillons' (medallions) is almost always used. The type of meat is often mentioned directly, e.g., 'Schweinemedaillons' (pork medallions) or 'Kalbsmedaillons' (veal medallions).
Die Spezialität des Hauses sind Medaillons vom Hirsch in Preiselbeersoße.
The house specialty is venison medallions in cranberry sauce.
supporter / trailer / pendant
'der Anhänger' and 'das Medaillon' can both be pieces of jewelry worn on a chain. 'Anhänger' is the more general term: it can be almost any small piece of jewelry on a chain or bracelet. 'Medaillon' is more specific. It is often round or oval, usually hangs on a necklace, and can often be opened, for example for a photo. The words can be confused because a 'Medaillon' is also an 'Anhänger'. But not every 'Anhänger' is a 'Medaillon'.
Das Medaillon an ihrer Kette enthält ein altes Foto ihrer Eltern.
The locket on her chain contains an old photo of her parents.
Beim Einkaufen findet Maria einen silbernen Anhänger für ihr Armband.
While shopping, Maria finds a silver pendant for her bracelet.