sanitary
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sanitary
Relates to facilities for personal hygiene, especially bathrooms and toilets.
Die sanitären Anlagen auf dem Festivalgelände waren leider nicht sehr sauber.
Unfortunately, the sanitary facilities on the festival grounds were not very clean.
sanitary
Relates to measures and conditions concerning public health and hygiene, especially with regard to clean water and wastewater disposal.
Nach der Flutkatastrophe war die Wiederherstellung der sanitären Grundversorgung die höchste Priorität.
After the flood disaster, restoring basic sanitary services was the highest priority.
The adjective 'sanitär' (sanitary) belongs to a word family related to hygiene and health. The most important related noun is 'die Sanitäranlage' (sanitary facility, toilet/bathroom).
Wo sind hier die Sanitäranlagen?
Where are the sanitary facilities here?
'Sanitär' (sanitary) is almost always used before a noun (attributively). Using it alone after a verb (predicatively) is very rare and sounds unnatural.
Der Vermieter muss die sanitären Mängel im Bad beheben.
The landlord must fix the sanitary defects in the bathroom.
In the meaning of 'relating to bathrooms', the most common combination is 'sanitäre Anlagen' (sanitary facilities). Other typical combinations are 'sanitäre Einrichtungen' (sanitary facilities) or 'der Sanitärbereich' (sanitary area).
Die sanitären Einrichtungen des Hotels wurden kürzlich renoviert.
The hotel's sanitary facilities were recently renovated.
You can recognize this meaning from the context of public health. The adjective then often appears with nouns such as 'Versorgung' (supply/services), 'Bedingungen' (conditions), 'Maßnahmen' (measures), or 'Krise' (crisis).
Die schlechten sanitären Bedingungen führten zur Ausbreitung von Krankheiten.
The poor sanitary conditions led to the spread of diseases.
hygienic
Hygienisch and sanitär both relate to health and hygiene. Hygienisch mainly describes cleanliness and conditions without a health risk; sanitär more often refers to facilities such as toilets and bathrooms, as well as the supply of clean water and wastewater disposal. Use hygienisch for the condition and sanitär for the corresponding infrastructure.
Das Lager braucht bessere sanitäre Anlagen mit sauberem Wasser.
The camp needs better sanitary facilities with clean water.
Die Toiletten im Lager müssen hygienisch sauber sein.
The toilets in the camp must be hygienically clean.
