column / crack
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column
A vertical section on a page, in a table, or in a newspaper that contains text or data.
Die Telefonnummern finden Sie in der ganz rechten Spalte der Liste.
You will find the phone numbers in the far-right column of the list.
'Die Spalte' is closely related to the verb 'spalten' (to split), which means 'to divide' or 'to separate'. So a 'Spalte' is always the result of a division—either a page into text sections or a material through a crack.
Ein Blitz hat den alten Baumstamm gespalten.
A bolt of lightning split the old tree trunk.
The context makes the meaning clear. If people are talking about text, newspapers, tables, or lists, it means a text column. If they are talking about rocks, walls, or wood, it means a crack or opening.
Bitte tragen Sie Ihren Namen in die linke Spalte ein.
Please enter your name in the left column.
In the context of text and data, 'Spalte' (column) is often combined with ordinal numbers and location phrases, for example 'in der ersten Spalte' (in the first column), 'in der letzten Spalte' (in the last column), or 'in der Spalte rechts' (in the column on the right).
Die Summe steht ganz unten in der rechten Spalte.
The total is at the very bottom of the right column.
row / series
'die Reihe' and 'die Spalte' are opposites especially in tables or on pages. A 'Reihe' runs horizontally, that is, from left to right. A 'Spalte' runs vertically, that is, from top to bottom. The words can be confused because both describe parts of a table or an ordered surface. If you read to the right in a table, think of 'Reihe'. If you read downward, think of 'Spalte'.
Am Morgen hat sie die Termine in der rechten Spalte ergänzt.
In the morning, she added the appointments in the right-hand column.
In der Tabelle steht sein Name in der dritten Reihe.
In the table, his name is in the third row.