unavoidable
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unavoidable
Something that cannot be avoided or bypassed because it is absolutely necessary or inevitable.
Aufgrund der schweren Verletzung war eine sofortige Operation unumgänglich.
Because of the serious injury, an immediate operation was unavoidable.
The word is a negation. It is made up of 'un-' (not), the verb 'umgehen' (to avoid / to bypass), and the ending '-lich'. Something 'Unumgängliches' is therefore literally something you 'nicht umgehen' (cannot avoid).
Eine Steuererhöhung ist zur Sanierung des Haushalts unumgänglich.
A tax increase is unavoidable in order to restore the budget.
'Unumgänglich' is very often used predicatively with the verb 'sein' (to be) or 'werden' (to become). The structure is then: 'Etwas ist/wird unumgänglich' (Something is/becomes unavoidable).
Ein klärendes Gespräch zwischen den beiden ist unumgänglich.
A clarifying conversation between the two of them is unavoidable.
This adjective belongs to formal language. In everyday speech, people would often use simpler words like 'nötig' (needed) or 'notwendig' (necessary), but 'unumgänglich' emphasizes inevitability more strongly.
Die Kündigung des Vertrags war aus rechtlichen Gründen unumgänglich.
The termination of the contract was unavoidable for legal reasons.
'Unumgänglich' is often used with nouns that describe an action or event. Typical examples are: 'eine unumgängliche Entscheidung' (an unavoidable decision), 'ein unumgänglicher Schritt' (an unavoidable step), or 'eine unumgängliche Maßnahme' (an unavoidable measure).
Die Schließung der Abteilung war ein unumgänglicher Schritt, um die Firma zu retten.
Closing the department was an unavoidable step in order to save the company.
necessary
'notwendig' and 'unumgänglich' both describe something that must be done or cannot be avoided. 'notwendig' is the more general word and fits in many everyday situations when something is needed. 'unumgänglich' sounds stronger: it emphasizes that there is no way around it. The word fits especially well with difficult decisions, measures, or consequences. In everyday language, people often say 'notwendig' when something is simply needed. Use 'unumgänglich' when you want to show that something really cannot be avoided.
Nach dem Wasserschaden ist eine Reparatur der Küche unumgänglich.
After the water damage, repairing the kitchen is unavoidable.
Für das Training sind bequeme Schuhe notwendig.
Comfortable shoes are necessary for the training.