to elapse / to spread
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to elapse
To refer to time that passes and comes to an end. Often used for deadlines, periods of time, or opportunities.
Die Frist zur Abgabe der Steuererklärung ist bereits verstrichen.
The deadline for submitting the tax return has already elapsed.
'Verstreichen' (to elapse / to spread) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'ver-' remains firmly attached to the verb 'streichen' in all sentence forms.
Die Zeit verstrich wie im Flug.
Time flew by.
When it is about time that passes, the perfect tense of 'verstreichen' (to elapse) is always formed with the auxiliary verb 'sein'. It describes a change.
Leider ist die Bewerbungsfrist schon letzte Woche verstrichen.
Unfortunately, the application deadline already elapsed last week.
You can recognize the meaning from the subject of the sentence. If the subject is a time expression (time, deadline, moment), it means 'vergehen' (to pass). If the subject is a person doing something, it means 'verteilen' (to spread).
Die Gelegenheit ist leider ungenutzt verstrichen.
Unfortunately, the opportunity elapsed unused.
In the meaning 'vergehen' (to pass), the verb is often used with nouns such as 'Zeit' (time), 'Frist' (deadline), 'Gelegenheit' (opportunity), or 'Moment' (moment). It is also often combined in a passive-like way with 'lassen': 'eine Frist verstreichen lassen' (to let a deadline pass).
Er hat die letzte Chance einfach so verstreichen lassen.
He simply let the last chance pass by.
When 'verstreichen' means 'verteilen' (to spread), the object is typically a spreadable substance. Common examples are 'Salbe verstreichen' (to spread ointment), 'Creme verstreichen' (to spread cream), or 'Mörtel verstreichen' (to spread mortar).
Sie verstrich die Butter gleichmäßig auf dem Brot.
She spread the butter evenly on the bread.
to end
'enden' and 'verstreichen' can both express that a period of time is over. 'enden' is more general: a course, a film, a road, or a conversation can end. 'verstreichen' is used mainly with time, deadlines, or opportunities. The focus is often on the fact that time passes and can no longer be used afterward. So a deadline can 'verstreichen' (elapse); a concert is more likely to 'enden' (end).
Die Frist ist verstrichen, deshalb kann Jonas sich nicht mehr anmelden.
The deadline has passed, so Jonas can no longer register.
Der Unterricht endet heute früher als sonst.
Class ends earlier than usual today.