01
die Wirkung
effect
The effect or consequence that an action, substance, or event has on something or someone.
example
Die Wirkung des Schmerzmittels ließ schnell nach.
The effect of the painkiller wore off quickly.
die Wirkung
effect / impact
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Meanings
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Usage tips
Word family
The noun 'die Wirkung' (effect) is derived directly from the verb 'wirken' (to have an effect / to seem). Both words describe something producing an effect or a particular impression.
EXAMPLE
Die neuen Regeln wirken sich positiv auf die Sicherheit aus.
The new rules have a positive effect on safety.
Context clue
You can recognize the meaning from the context: If it is about a measurable effect (e.g., of medicine or a measure), the first meaning is intended. If it is about a subjective impression (e.g., from art or a person), the second meaning is intended.
EXAMPLE
Die Wirkung des Medikaments setzte sofort ein.
The effect of the medication began immediately.
Sentence structure and collocations
To name the target of the effect, you use the preposition 'auf' (on) with the accusative. Common collocations are 'eine Wirkung zeigen' (to show an effect), 'ohne Wirkung bleiben' (to have no effect), or the well-known word 'Nebenwirkung' (side effect).
EXAMPLE
Hat das neue Gesetz eine Wirkung auf die Wirtschaft?
Does the new law have an effect on the economy?
Typical collocations
When referring to an impression, 'Wirkung' (impact / impression) is often combined with verbs such as 'entfalten' (to unfold / to develop), 'erzielen' (to achieve), or 'hinterlassen' (to leave behind). These describe how an impression arises or develops.
EXAMPLE
Erst bei Nacht entfaltet die beleuchtete Brücke ihre volle Wirkung.
Only at night does the illuminated bridge have its full impact.
Compare with
Wirkung vs Folge
consequence / episode
'die Folge' and 'die Wirkung' can both describe what happens after an action or event. 'Folge' emphasizes the result or consequence more strongly: something happens, and then something arises from it. 'Wirkung' tends to emphasize the effect on someone or something, for example with medicine, music, colors, or a conversation. Learners may confuse the words because both point to a result. If you are asking, 'What comes from it?', 'Folge' often fits. If you are asking, 'What does it do to someone or something?', 'Wirkung' often fits.
Wirkung
Das Medikament zeigte schon nach einer Stunde eine gute Wirkung.
The medication showed a good effect after just one hour.
Folge
Eine Folge des starken Regens war, dass viele Züge später kamen.
One consequence of the heavy rain was that many trains arrived late.
In real life
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