immigrant
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immigrant
A person who comes from another country to a new country in order to live there for a longer period or permanently.
Die Stadt hat ein Integrationsprogramm für neue Zuwanderer entwickelt.
The city has developed an integration program for new immigrants.
The word is made up of three parts: 'zu' (toward), 'wandern' (to move, migrate), and the ending '-er' (indicates a person). A Zuwanderer is therefore literally a person who migrates toward a place.
Als Zuwanderer musste er eine neue Sprache lernen.
As an immigrant, he had to learn a new language.
'Der Zuwanderer' (the immigrant) belongs to a word family with the verb 'zuwandern' (to immigrate) and the noun 'die Zuwanderung' (immigration). If you learn these three words together, you can understand the topic better.
Viele Menschen wandern auf der Suche nach Arbeit zu.
Many people immigrate in search of work.
This word is a neutral and factual term that is often used in the news, in political discussions, and in official texts to talk about migration.
Die Statistik erfasst die Zahl der Zuwanderer pro Jahr.
The statistics record the number of immigrants per year.
refugee
'der Flüchtling' and 'der Zuwanderer' both refer to people who come from another country. The important difference is the reason. A Flüchtling (refugee) leaves their home country because they have to flee, for example from war, persecution, or a disaster. A Zuwanderer (immigrant) comes to another country in order to live there for a longer period or permanently; the reason may be work, family, or another plan. The words can be confused because both have to do with migration. If the pressure of being forced to flee is important, 'Flüchtling' is more precise. If you only mean living in a new country, 'Zuwanderer' fits better.
Der Zuwanderer besucht einen Sprachkurs, weil er dauerhaft in Deutschland leben möchte.
The immigrant is taking a language course because he wants to live in Germany permanently.
Der Flüchtling sucht nach dem Krieg Schutz in einem sicheren Land.
After the war, the refugee is looking for protection in a safe country.