matter / affair
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matter
A matter, topic, or problem that has to be dealt with or taken care of.
Das ist eine private Angelegenheit, die ich nicht öffentlich besprechen möchte.
That is a private matter that I don't want to discuss publicly.
errand / matter
A task or piece of business that one has to take care of.
Ich muss in der Stadt noch eine dringende Angelegenheit klären.
I still have to sort out an urgent matter in town.
The word 'Angelegenheit' (matter) is derived from the verb 'angehen' (to concern / to be someone's business). Something that 'angeht' (concerns or has to be taken care of by a person) is an 'Angelegenheit' (matter).
Was die Nachbarn machen, geht uns nichts an; das ist ihre Angelegenheit.
What the neighbors do is none of our business; that's their matter.
'Angelegenheit' (matter) is often combined with adjectives that describe the type or urgency. Common combinations are 'eine private' (a private), 'eine berufliche' (a professional/work-related), 'eine dringende' (an urgent), or 'eine heikle Angelegenheit' (a delicate matter).
Bitte entschuldigen Sie mich, ich habe eine dringende Angelegenheit zu erledigen.
Please excuse me, I have an urgent matter to take care of.
Common verbs used with 'Angelegenheit' (matter) describe dealing with a topic. These include 'eine Angelegenheit klären' (to clarify/settle a matter), 'eine Angelegenheit regeln' (to sort out a matter), or 'sich um eine Angelegenheit kümmern' (to take care of a matter).
Können Sie sich bitte um diese Angelegenheit kümmern?
Could you please take care of this matter?
The word 'Angelegenheit' (matter) tends to belong to formal or written language. It often sounds more official or serious than, for example, the word 'Sache' (thing/matter).
In dieser Angelegenheit wird die Geschäftsführung bald eine Entscheidung treffen.
In this matter, management will make a decision soon.
case / fall
Der Fall and die Angelegenheit can both refer to something that an authority is handling. Fall classifies it as a single incident under investigation, often one to be assessed legally; Angelegenheit is more general and fits any topic or problem that needs to be dealt with or taken care of.
Nach der Beschwerde prüft das Amt die Angelegenheit.
After the complaint, the authorities examined the matter.
Nach der Anzeige untersucht die Polizei den Fall.
After the report was filed, the police investigated the case.
