instructions / guidance
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instructions
A written or spoken explanation that describes how to use, assemble, or carry out something.
Ohne die Anleitung hätte ich das Regal niemals aufbauen können.
Without the instructions, I would never have been able to assemble the shelf.
guidance
The guidance, instruction, or supervision of one person by another, more experienced person.
Unter der fachkundigen Anleitung ihres Mentors machte sie schnelle Fortschritte.
Under the expert guidance of her mentor, she made rapid progress.
'Die Anleitung' (instructions/guidance) is a noun derived from the verb 'anleiten' (to guide or instruct someone). The ending '-ung' turns the verb into a feminine noun.
Ein erfahrener Kollege wird dich in den ersten Wochen anleiten.
An experienced colleague will guide you during the first few weeks.
You can recognize the meaning from the context: If it is about a thing (e.g., a device, a recipe), it means written or spoken instructions. If it is about a person, it means personal supervision by an expert.
Ich brauche die Anleitung für die neue Kaffeemaschine.
I need the instructions for the new coffee machine.
When referring to instructions, typical combinations are 'eine Anleitung für etwas' (instructions for something), 'einer Anleitung folgen' (to follow instructions), or compound words such as 'Bedienungsanleitung' (user manual) and 'Bauanleitung' (assembly instructions).
Bitte folgen Sie genau der Anleitung auf der Verpackung.
Please follow the instructions on the packaging exactly.
In the sense of 'Betreuung' (supervision), the fixed expression 'unter der Anleitung von jemandem' (under someone's guidance) is almost always used. This emphasizes the leading role of the experienced person.
Das junge Team entwickelte die Software unter der Anleitung eines erfahrenen Projektmanagers.
The young team developed the software under the guidance of an experienced project manager.
recipe / prescription
A Rezept is a special set of instructions for preparing a dish and usually lists the ingredients and steps. Anleitung is the broader term and can also explain how to use a device or carry out a single procedure.
Die Anleitung erklärt, wie man die Küchenmaschine für die Suppe benutzt.
The instructions explain how to use the food processor for the soup.
Das Rezept für die Suppe nennt alle Zutaten und Kochschritte.
The recipe for the soup lists all the ingredients and cooking steps.
