adaptation / adjustment
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adaptation
The process of changing in order to adapt to new conditions, a new environment, or new requirements.
Die Anpassung an das Leben in einem neuen Land kann schwierig sein.
Adapting to life in a new country can be difficult.
'Anpassung' (adaptation/adjustment) is the noun corresponding to the separable verb 'anpassen' (to adapt/adjust). The ending '-ung' turns the verb into a feminine noun that describes the process or result of adapting or adjusting.
Man muss die Helligkeit des Bildschirms anpassen.
You have to adjust the brightness of the screen.
The noun 'Anpassung' (adaptation/adjustment) is very often used with the preposition 'an' and the accusative to indicate the target of the adaptation.
Die Anpassung an die neue Software war für die Mitarbeiter nicht einfach.
Adapting to the new software was not easy for the employees.
The context makes clear what kind of adaptation or adjustment is meant. If it is about people and culture, the social meaning is meant. With animals and plants, it is the biological one, and with devices or software, the technical one.
Die Anpassung an die Höhe ist für Bergsteiger sehr wichtig.
Adaptation to the altitude is very important for mountain climbers.
In a social context, people often speak of 'Anpassung an eine neue Situation' (adaptation to a new situation), 'an eine andere Kultur' (to another culture), or 'an das Arbeitsumfeld' (to the work environment).
Ihre schnelle Anpassung an die neuen Aufgaben hat den Chef beeindruckt.
Her quick adaptation to the new tasks impressed the boss.
In technical contexts, the formulation 'eine Anpassung vornehmen' (to make an adjustment) is often used. People also speak of 'Anpassung von Einstellungen' (adjustment of settings) or 'Anpassung der Lautstärke' (adjustment of the volume).
Der Techniker musste einige Anpassungen am System vornehmen.
The technician had to make some adjustments to the system.
attitude / setting
'die Einstellung' and 'die Anpassung' can both occur with devices, software, or systems. 'Einstellung' usually means a selected value or mode, for example bright, quiet, or automatic. 'Anpassung', on the other hand, emphasizes the change made so that something fits a situation or purpose better. The words can be confused because an adjustment often involves changing settings. A helpful rule of thumb: the setting is often the specific value; the adjustment is the process or the change.
Nach dem Update ist eine Anpassung der Software an das neue System nötig.
After the update, the software needs to be adjusted to the new system.
Im Menü findest du die Einstellung für die Bildschirmhelligkeit.
You can find the setting for screen brightness in the menu.