exclusion
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exclusion
The act of removing someone or something from a group, activity, or place, or not allowing them in.
Der Ausschluss aus dem Sportverein war für ihn eine große Enttäuschung.
His exclusion from the sports club was a great disappointment for him.
exclusion clause
A provision or clause, especially in contracts or laws, that prevents something from being valid, considered, or applied.
Der Vertrag enthält einen Ausschluss der Haftung für leichte Fahrlässigkeit.
The contract contains an exclusion of liability for minor negligence.
excluding
A fixed expression meaning that something specific is prevented or kept away. It is often used in technical or scientific contexts.
Die chemische Reaktion muss unter Ausschluss von Sauerstoff stattfinden.
The chemical reaction must take place excluding oxygen.
The noun 'der Ausschluss' (exclusion) is derived from the separable verb 'ausschließen' (to exclude). It consists of 'aus' (out) and 'schließen' (to close) and literally means to leave someone or something outside by closing the door.
Der Club hat beschlossen, das Mitglied auszuschließen.
The club decided to exclude the member.
When a person is excluded from a group, you use the preposition 'aus' with the dative. If someone is excluded from an activity, you use 'von' with the dative.
Der Ausschluss aus der Nationalmannschaft war ein harter Schlag für ihn.
His exclusion from the national team was a hard blow for him.
In contracts or legal texts, 'Ausschluss' (exclusion) is often used with a genitive object to define what does not apply. This usage belongs to formal technical and written language.
Bitte lesen Sie den Paragrafen zum Ausschluss der Gewährleistung genau durch.
Please read the paragraph on the exclusion of warranty carefully.
The phrase 'unter Ausschluss von' (excluding/under exclusion of) is a fixed construction and is always used with the dative. It means that something specific must not be present.
Das Experiment wurde unter Ausschluss von Licht durchgeführt.
The experiment was carried out excluding light.
exception
Eine Ausnahme (exception) refers to an allowed or intended special case in which a rule applies differently. Ein Ausschluss (exclusion), by contrast, explicitly prevents something from being considered or applied. Use Ausnahme for an allowed deviation, and Ausschluss when validity is prevented.
Für Kinder unter sechs Jahren ist die Teilnahme durch eine Klausel ausgeschlossen.
A clause excludes participation for children under six.
Für Kinder unter sechs Jahren gilt eine Ausnahme von dieser Regel.
Children under six are an exception to this rule.
