to notice / remark
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to notice
To perceive something or someone with the senses, usually by seeing or hearing; to become aware of something.
Ich habe erst beim Aussteigen bemerkt, dass ich meinen Regenschirm im Zug liegen gelassen habe.
I only noticed when I was getting off that I had left my umbrella on the train.
'Bemerken' (to notice / remark) is an inseparable verb. The prefix 'be-' remains firmly attached to the verb stem 'merken' in all conjugations and sentence positions.
Er bemerkt den Fehler sofort.
He notices the mistake immediately.
'Bemerken' (to notice / remark) is very often used with an accusative object or a subordinate clause with 'dass' (that). The subordinate clause describes what one perceives or states.
Sie bemerkte seinen neuen Haarschnitt sofort.
She noticed his new haircut immediately.
When 'bemerken' means 'anmerken' (to remark/comment), it is often combined with adverbs that describe the manner of the statement. Typical phrases are 'beiläufig bemerken' (to remark casually), 'ironisch bemerken' (to remark ironically), or 'trocken bemerken' (to remark dryly).
„Das Wetter ist heute schön“, bemerkte er beiläufig.
'The weather is nice today,' he remarked casually.
The expression 'sich bemerkbar machen' (to make itself noticeable / to become noticeable) is reflexive. The subject is often a thing or a feeling that begins to become perceptible or visible.
Der Schlafmangel macht sich langsam bei mir bemerkbar.
The lack of sleep is slowly becoming noticeable for me.
to recognize / realize
'erkennen' and 'bemerken' are close when it comes to perceiving something. 'bemerken' mainly means that something gets your attention: you see, hear, or notice it. 'erkennen' goes one step further: you know who or what it is, or you understand what it means. That is why you can notice a sound without recognizing where it comes from. The words are easily confused because both occur in situations involving seeing, hearing, or understanding. 'bemerken' fits more with first becoming aware of something; 'erkennen' fits more with classifying or identifying it.
Im Zug hat Lisa bemerkt, dass ihr Handy nicht mehr in der Tasche war.
On the train, Lisa noticed that her phone was no longer in her bag.
Auf dem alten Foto erkenne ich meine Großmutter sofort.
In the old photo, I recognize my grandmother immediately.