
wahrnehmen
to perceive
To register or notice something with the senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste).
Ich konnte aus der Ferne eine Bewegung im Gebüsch wahrnehmen.
I could perceive a movement in the bushes from a distance.
to perceive / take
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to perceive
To register or notice something with the senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste).
Ich konnte aus der Ferne eine Bewegung im Gebüsch wahrnehmen.
I could perceive a movement in the bushes from a distance.

to take
To use or take advantage of an opportunity, a right, or an appointment.
Sie sollten die Chance wahrnehmen und sich für das Stipendium bewerben.
You should take the opportunity and apply for the scholarship.

to perform
To carry out or fulfill a task, function, or responsibility.
Er nimmt seine Pflichten als Klassensprecher sehr ernst wahr.
He performs his duties as class representative very seriously.

to perceive as
To interpret or experience something in a particular way.
Ich habe seine Bemerkung nicht als Kritik, sondern als gut gemeinten Rat wahrgenommen.
I did not perceive his remark as criticism, but as well-meant advice.
'Wahrnehmen' (to perceive/take) is a separable verb. In a main clause, the prefix 'wahr' comes at the end. In subordinate clauses or in the infinitive with a modal verb, the verb stays together.
Ich nehme einen seltsamen Geruch wahr.
I perceive a strange smell.
The verb is made up of 'wahr' (true) and 'nehmen' (to take). The literal meaning is 'to accept something as true' or 'to hold something to be true', which explains the idea of sensory perception or noticing well.
Erst nach einigen Sekunden nahm er die Gefahr wahr.
Only after a few seconds did he perceive the danger.
In this meaning, 'wahrnehmen' (to take) is almost always used in fixed combinations. The most important are: 'eine Chance/Gelegenheit wahrnehmen' (to take an opportunity), 'einen Termin wahrnehmen' (to keep/attend an appointment), and 'sein Recht wahrnehmen' (to exercise one's right).
Wenn Sie mit der Entscheidung nicht einverstanden sind, sollten Sie Ihr Widerspruchsrecht wahrnehmen.
If you do not agree with the decision, you should exercise your right to object.
There are also fixed collocations in this meaning, usually referring to official roles. Typical are: 'eine Aufgabe wahrnehmen' (to perform a task), 'eine Funktion wahrnehmen' (to perform a function), or 'seine Verantwortung wahrnehmen' (to fulfill one's responsibility).
Sie nimmt ihre Verantwortung als Teamleiterin sehr ernst wahr.
She fulfills her responsibility as team leader very seriously.
When you want to describe how something is experienced or interpreted, you need the preposition 'als' (as). The structure is always: 'jemanden/etwas als ... wahrnehmen' (to perceive someone/something as ...).
Er nahm die Stille im Haus als unangenehm wahr.
He perceived the silence in the house as unpleasant.
to use / benefit
Both nutzen and wahrnehmen can refer to taking up an opportunity that has been offered. Nutzen emphasizes the purpose or benefit one gains from it, while wahrnehmen is especially common with a specific offer, appointment, or right. Use „wahrnehmen“ when the act of taking it up is the focus.

Sie nimmt das Angebot des kostenlosen Kurses gern wahr.
She is happy to take up the offer of the free course.
Sie nutzt den kostenlosen Kurs, um ihre Deutschkenntnisse zu verbessern.
She uses the free course to improve her German.