renovation / restructuring
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renovation / conversion
The structural alteration of a building, apartment, or room in which the structure is changed, modernized, or adapted for a new purpose.
Der Umbau des alten Kinos in ein Wohnhaus wird voraussichtlich ein Jahr dauern.
The conversion of the old cinema into an apartment building is expected to take a year.
restructuring
A fundamental reorganization or restructuring of a system, team, or organization.
Der neue Trainer plant einen radikalen Umbau der Mannschaft für die nächste Saison.
The new coach is planning a radical restructuring of the team for next season.
'Der Umbau' (renovation/conversion; restructuring) is a noun derived from the separable verb 'umbauen' (to rebuild; to remodel; to restructure). The prefix 'um-' signals a change or transformation, while 'bauen' refers to building.
Wir planen, die Garage in ein Büro umzubauen.
We are planning to convert the garage into an office.
When a building is currently being renovated, the construction 'im Umbau sein' (to be under renovation) is often used. The preposition 'im' indicates an ongoing process here.
Der Supermarkt ist wegen Umbau geschlossen.
The supermarket is closed for renovation.
Whether the literal meaning (building) or the figurative meaning (organization) is intended can be recognized from context. Words like 'Haus' (house) or 'Bahnhof' (train station) point to actual construction, while 'Team' (team) or 'Firma' (company) suggest restructuring.
Der Umbau des alten Bahnhofs hat begonnen.
The renovation of the old train station has begun.
renovation / restructuring / remediation
Umbau and Sanierung can both refer to extensive work on a building. Umbau emphasizes changing the structure or use, while Sanierung focuses mainly on eliminating defects and improving the condition. Use Umbau for a new layout and Sanierung for repairs and renewal.
Der Umbau der Wohnung schafft aus zwei kleinen Zimmern ein großes Wohnzimmer.
The renovation of the apartment turns two small rooms into one large living room.
Die Sanierung der Wohnung beseitigt die feuchten Wände und verbessert ihren Zustand.
The renovation of the apartment eliminates the damp walls and improves its condition.
