shaft
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shaft / handle
The long, stem-like part of a tool (e.g., hammer, axe), a weapon (e.g., rifle, spear), or a plant.
Der Schaft des Speers war aus leichtem, aber stabilem Holz gefertigt.
The shaft of the spear was made of light but sturdy wood.
boot shaft
The part of a boot that surrounds the leg from the ankle upward.
Die neuen Winterstiefel haben einen besonders hohen Schaft, um vor Schnee zu schützen.
The new winter boots have a particularly high shaft to protect against snow.
bone shaft
The long, middle, tube-shaped part of a bone, especially a long tubular bone such as the femur.
Bei dem Skiunfall erlitt er eine Fraktur am Schaft des Schienbeins.
In the skiing accident, he suffered a fracture in the shaft of his shinbone.
shaft
The cylindrical, usually smooth part of a screw or bolt between the head and the thread.
Der Schaft dieser speziellen Schraube ist dicker als das Gewinde.
The shaft of this special screw is thicker than the thread.
Although 'Schaft' (shaft) has different meanings, it always describes the long, straight, and often middle part of an object. This basic idea connects the tool handle, the boot part, and the bone section.
Der Schaft des Golfschlägers ist sehr leicht.
The shaft of the golf club is very light.
To say what a 'Schaft' (shaft) belongs to, you usually use the genitive or the preposition 'von' (of/from). The genitive ('der Schaft des Hammers' — the handle of the hammer) is more common in written language.
Der Schaft der Axt war aus robustem Eschenholz.
The shaft of the axe was made of sturdy ash wood.
In connection with boots, 'Schaft' (shaft) is often combined with adjectives that describe height or width. Typical examples are 'hoher/niedriger Schaft' (high/low shaft) and 'enger/weiter Schaft' (narrow/wide shaft).
Für den Winter suche ich Stiefel mit einem hohen Schaft.
For winter, I'm looking for boots with a high shaft.
The use of 'Schaft' (shaft) for the middle part of a bone is limited to medical and anatomical terminology. You will find this term mainly in doctors' reports.
Das Röntgenbild zeigte eine Fraktur am Schaft des Oberschenkelknochens.
The X-ray showed a fracture in the shaft of the femur.
handle / grip
With a tool, Griff and Schaft can both be related to holding it. Griff is the specific place where you put your hand, while Schaft refers to the elongated part as a whole. Use Griff for the gripping point and Schaft for the long part.
Der lange Schaft des Hammers besteht aus Holz.
The long shaft of the hammer is made of wood.
Der Griff des Hammers liegt gut in der Hand.
The handle of the hammer feels comfortable in your hand.
