immigration
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immigration
The process by which people from other countries move to a country in order to live there for a longer period of time or permanently; immigration.
Die Zuwanderung von Fachkräften ist ein wichtiges Thema in der aktuellen politischen Debatte.
The immigration of skilled workers is an important topic in the current political debate.
The word is derived from the verb 'zuwandern' (to immigrate). The prefix 'zu-' expresses movement in a direction, and 'wandern' here means 'to migrate'. The ending '-ung' turns the verb into a feminine noun.
Viele Menschen wandern zu, um bessere Arbeit zu finden.
Many people immigrate in order to find better work.
To indicate the country of origin, the preposition 'aus' (from) is used. The destination country is given with the preposition 'nach' (to, for countries without an article) or 'in' (to/into, for countries with an article).
Die Zuwanderung aus osteuropäischen Ländern hat zugenommen.
Immigration from Eastern European countries has increased.
'Zuwanderung' (immigration) is often used in political and social discussions. Common combinations include 'Zuwanderung von Fachkräften' (immigration of skilled workers) or verbs such as 'steuern' (to manage/control), 'begrenzen' (to limit), and 'regeln' (to regulate).
Die Wirtschaft fordert eine gezielte Zuwanderung von Fachkräften.
The economy is calling for targeted immigration of skilled workers.
migration
'Migration' and 'Zuwanderung' both have to do with people moving to another place for a longer period of time or permanently. 'Migration' is the more general term: it describes the movement of people between places or countries and can refer to different directions. 'Zuwanderung' looks at the movement from the perspective of the country or place that people come to. The words can be confused because they often occur in similar texts. If you are describing the movement in general, 'Migration' fits. If you want to emphasize that people are coming into a particular country or city, 'Zuwanderung' is more precise.
In den Nachrichten geht es heute um die Zuwanderung in die großen Städte.
Today, the news is about immigration into the big cities.
Die Klasse liest einen Text über Migration in Europa.
The class is reading a text about migration in Europe.