therefore
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therefore
Expresses a result or consequence and introduces a main clause that gives the reason for a previously mentioned fact. It means 'aus diesem Grund' (for this reason) or 'daher' (therefore).
Ich habe schlecht geschlafen, deswegen bin ich heute sehr müde.
I slept badly, therefore I am very tired today.
The word is composed of 'des' (genitive of 'das'/'der') and 'wegen' (preposition meaning 'because of'). So it literally means 'because of that' or 'on account of that'.
Das Wetter war schlecht, deswegen sind wir zu Hause geblieben.
The weather was bad, therefore we stayed at home.
'Deswegen' (therefore) introduces a main clause and usually stands in position 1. The conjugated verb must then follow directly in position 2 (inversion).
Der Zug hatte Verspätung, deswegen kam ich zu spät zur Arbeit.
The train was delayed, therefore I arrived late to work.
A typical mistake is to use subordinate-clause word order after 'deswegen' (therefore), with the verb at the end. However, the correct structure is always the main-clause structure with the verb in position 2.
Ich war krank, deswegen habe ich dich nicht angerufen.
I was sick, therefore I didn't call you.
so / therefore
Also and deswegen can both introduce a consequence of what was said before. Also presents the conclusion more strongly as a step in thought or conversation, whereas deswegen emphasizes the cause-and-effect relationship. In a direct explanation of a reason, deswegen is often more precise; when drawing a conclusion from several pieces of information, also sounds natural.
Der Bus kommt heute nicht, deswegen gehen wir zu Fuß.
The bus isn’t coming today, so we’re walking.
Der Bus kommt heute nicht, also gehen wir zu Fuß.
The bus isn’t coming today, so we’re walking.
