approval / consent
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approval / consent
The act of agreeing to something or granting permission; an expression of agreement or authorization.
Für den Bau des Hauses benötigen wir die Zustimmung der Behörden.
For the construction of the house, we need the approval of the authorities.
'Zustimmung' is derived from the verb 'zustimmen' (to agree). The ending '-ung' turns the verb into a feminine noun that describes the act or result of agreeing.
Er nickte und zeigte damit, dass er zustimmt.
He nodded, showing that he agrees.
When you want to express what approval is being given for, you use the preposition 'zu' followed by the dative. A common mistake is using a different case.
Wir brauchen Ihre Zustimmung zu den neuen Vertragsbedingungen.
We need your approval of the new contract terms.
Common verbs used with 'Zustimmung' (approval / consent) are 'die Zustimmung geben' (to give approval), 'die Zustimmung erhalten' (to receive approval), or 'die Zustimmung verweigern' (to refuse approval). You can also say 'um Zustimmung bitten' (to ask for approval).
Der Chef hat seine Zustimmung zum neuen Projekt gegeben.
The boss gave his approval for the new project.
resistance
'der Widerstand' and 'die Zustimmung' describe opposite attitudes toward something. With 'Widerstand', someone is against a decision, a measure, or a person and resists it. With 'Zustimmung', someone agrees or gives permission. The contrast is especially clear with plans, rules, or political decisions: Zustimmung supports something, while Widerstand is directed against it.
Für die Klassenfahrt brauchen die Kinder die Zustimmung ihrer Eltern.
For the class trip, the children need their parents' consent.
Gegen den neuen Parkplatz gab es viel Widerstand in der Nachbarschaft.
There was a lot of resistance in the neighborhood against the new parking lot.